This was a question on Quora, which I wrote about in relation to undertaking a Buddhism based project of self-understanding. "Understanding" is probably the wrong concept, but there isn't a better one to swap in, for reasons that hopefully this writing makes clear. It was asked in this Quora Space (like a FB group), Human Psychology Facts.
There is a good chance that won't be approved as a displayed answer there, but it doesn't change things either way.
This really works as a decent starting point and description of what Buddhism is.
How does social conformity (arguably) interfere with deeper levels of awareness?
I’ll answer this from a Buddhist perspective. It’s a bit much to claim to be an authority on that subject, but I did study it in two university programs, as philosophy and religion, and I was ordained as a Thai Buddhist monk at one point. Living in Thai Buddhist society for nearly 20 years hasn’t informed a related perspective, but I’ve done that.
One more qualification: social conformity is an important social function. The norms, expectations, social roles, shared goals, life direction, etc., functionally define our lives. If we were to just set that aside, which is relatively impossible, there would be no way to define who or what we are. It’s possible to borrow from another set of all of those, but there is no “starting from scratch,” and reworking what a person could be. We are social creatures, with a lot of predispositions, past conditioning, and biological functions to work around.
The norms define us, which is helpful. We can pick and chose among them, because every society has a set that’s broader than one person can live out to choose from (or to default to). This kind of choosing and change requires higher level awareness, which leads back to the question at hand.
Indirectly people get too busy and caught up with social functions and standard life goals to really dig deeper. If your family demands, work life, somewhat inherited personal interests, and maintenance requirements (resolving illness, exercise, eating a decent diet, etc.) seem to require at least as much attention and effort as you possess there is no exploring further.
More directly it’s a social norm to not question social norms. Or people can, and do, and it is a social function, but it’s generally framed and accepted as falling within a normal pattern of questioning. For example, a white, middle or upper class liberal might question “white guilt,” and their privilege, or benefits from landing in a positive societal placement, along with considering the history and economic forces that led them there. A conservative might question the role of societal outsiders, foreigners and immigrants, and the extent to which they can or should be offered shared participation in their own culture and society.
Within the context of mental health treatment one might question their own past history, related to the carry-on effects of past negative events, or genetic predispositions. This is normal, and it does relate to two narrow channels for exploring self-awareness. One might take a personality type test, and move on to consider what those predispositions mean.
What don’t you question then; what don’t societies regard as a normal line of internal review? You can question the norms, to an extent, but generally not the sub-structure of reality itself, and the basis for your own worldview. Immediately some people might see a disconnect in the last two points I’ve made; isn’t it doing just that to undergo mental health therapy? It’s not, really. You are looking into cause and effect sequences within your own personal experience, not how the entire framework came to be, and how it functions.
An example would help with this. We tend to see ethical / moral norms as something either inherited from past cultural forms by way of religious teachings (eg. from Christianity, or Buddhism), or as a practical set of norms that help society function better, that are conditioned into people as a matter of routine practice, because they work. Most people not killing other people is a good basis for a stable society. Something like lying becomes more complicated; that’s relatively normal. So we tend to not really deal with that. Moreover we tend to not dig up and unpack what morality itself is. Is it one of these things, a combination of both, or something else? Can we intentionally adjust it, our own moral judgment process?
Self-image works even better as an example. Societies offer us social levels (classes), status as an indicator, and personal choices related to self-definition as means of providing others with an image of who we see ourselves as being. Someone who runs is a runner; fitness matters to them. Then they can go out and join groups to discuss that with like-minded people, buy gear to demonstrate their commitment, and support that function, and display their social status. Races are held for this purpose, more so than testing how fast someone can run a certain distance, which anyone can do almost anytime.
In today’s world sharing results online (Strava; posting runs) enters in. There’s a saying for them: if it’s not on Strava it didn’t happen (or just Strava or it didn’t happen). Why? Every run re-affirms self-image, more so than it actually informs others of physical training results.
What if someone wanted to turn all of this around, and truly unpack what they’re built up of, what a shared cultural worldview is, and what their own self-image and perspective relates to? This would already be a violation of a social norm. People don’t do that. You can question why you are so reliant on Strava to communicate training run results to others, but even that is a bit much. You can’t explore all of the social norms within your own society, without any good reason for doing this. Even if you study psychology, anthropology, or sociology, for example, they’re not going to lead you in this direction. You can explore what they want you to explore, what is normal.
I ran into the same limitations in studying philosophy. There are very clear norms related to what you can and cannot question. One professor expressed this clearly: we study rational knowledge, not inherited wisdom. The form of human nature is only relevant to philosophy within a very limited scope. Oddly they realize that people aren’t rational; this much is fairly obvious. But they still work within that general range as a basic premise. The idea seems to be that although an ordinary human perspective, or a given philosopher’s perspective, is not based mainly on reason (as logical thought) we can still accept that reason can unpack and shed light on some aspects of worldview building and more conventional “reasoning.” Reason is still seen as a valid tool for building up frameworks of ideas, even though eventually it’s going to contradict forms and patterns developed through organic worldview development.
The idea of a model is interesting to consider. A model is a simplified construct that represents a more complex system, of any sort. This is clear in a model of a car or airplane. In my first area of study, industrial engineering, simulation modeling makes for an interesting and useful example. We can use statistical constructs to pattern how individuals drive a car, and describe why traffic patterns result in wave forms, bunches of cars getting stuck together. I’ve already mentioned a key model that comes up in philosophical study, or two competing versions of one: Kant’s ethical framework theories try to demonstrate how moral guidelines and choices are regulated mainly by reason, and other “consequentialist” models describe how broad patterns of behavior are more favorable for individuals and broader society.
You simplify one part of reality, by building up a limited set of ideas that represent a broader form. Another idea repeats here: doesn’t this relate to an exploration of self-awareness? Sure, but in a very limited sense. One might expect that we could work through and unpack a lot of category range, layers, and levels of human internal experience (worldview) to model how a lot of human nature works out. This is what Kant tried to do. Why didn’t it work? Because people aren’t really rational, so assuming that on some fundamental level they really are builds way too broad a contradiction into your modeling. Lots of model components and conclusions will become wonky, because the initial starting points don’t work.
What if someone is a practicing Buddhist; doesn’t this set of practices and ideas give people the tools to deconstruct their own worldview, to understand it, and to some extent reconstruct it? The last two parts don’t work, and it’s too complicated to explain why not here. But yes, you can functionally take apart and examine the assumptions that go into your own worldview and perspective, and your own society, and re-adopt a less cluttered perspective that functions better. I feel that I have done this. It’s a pretty broad claim, so you should take that with a grain of salt.
So many questions and tangents start from this point. What is the new form of what is re-adopted, since just dropping societal norms would create huge gaps, unless there were new forms to adopt instead? Just how practical is this? Isn’t it a concern that someone would become less functional, if they choose to define themselves as an outsider within their own society?
Deeper yet, what is fundamental to human nature when these layers are stripped away (conventional self-image, conventional practice of morality, etc.)?
I could answer some of these questions, but the answers probably wouldn’t be as helpful and meaningful as helping others go through the internal review themselves. It would be as if I tried to describe Thai society and perspective to an American, or Japanese landscape and architecture aesthetics. You can experience these things relatively directly, by visiting Japan and looking around, or meeting a Thai, and talking to them about how they see themselves and their society. I suppose the first works better than the second, and the description of Thai culture would be as helpful trying to reconstruct all of that from implied context in discussion.
Undertaking this sort of internal exploration, the Buddhist path I’ve described, is very problematic. If someone tried to join a foreign based sub-culture or school of religion to attempt this they would bump into taking on a new set of worldview assumptions, instead of unpacking their own. It’s not even as if what I’ve described is exactly how Buddhism is taken within religious traditions. It’s not, at all. This seems to clearly be the intention of all of it, clearly expressed in fundamental core teachings. But then other parts stand out more within religious practice. To an extent even within a monastic tradition, although this again extends into range that’s too complicated to explain in a short or medium length passage.
But yet I’ve claimed to have sorted out this general goal (deeper self-awareness), to have explored or derived practical approaches towards it, and to some extent to have experienced those. I’m definitely not “enlightened,” so maybe what I mean by this isn’t clear. Again it’s a limitation in what I can express; I can’t distill 30+ years worth of internal self review into a clear and simple approach and results summary. It’s much easier to model and discuss a lot of other range, than these sorts of themes.
If someone could explain “what is Buddhism?” in a reasonable space they would have already. I’ve written about this, in the form of two completed book drafts, but looking back (on those unpublished summary attempts) I’ve covered the initial steps more than the outcome, how I went about it, instead of what the result was. Maybe I’ll write a third book, that I may or may not ever publish. I’m not finished with the process; there are still steps remaining for me to take, in the review and adjustment process I’ve described. I suppose that’s probably going to be true up until I’ve ended this life. That’s really why I keep writing, to document it as I go, instead of waiting until some end or final transition, that’s not likely to ever occur.
It sounds like madness, doesn’t it? Like I’m just out there. I can accept that.
It has been helpful that I’ve lived in two different societies, in the US up until the age of 38, I think it was, and now 19 more years living mostly in Thailand. It has been helpful to live part-time back in the US, to keep re-adjusting to living within that culture, to see what that adjustment process is like, and how perspectives are different.
As a foreigner where I live complete conformity is not only not expected, in one sense it’s not really practical. I suppose that could be a chapter in that next book, instead of a theme that’s well-developed within 3 or 4 sentences here.
One might end this by questioning the extent to which I seem to have met and known others who have walked this sort of path. Not just using Buddhism as a tool for self-exploration, and unpacking and working more directly with assumed worldview, but taking on any approach that results in a similar end. Or within Buddhism; that works too.
Buddhist teachers that are known and respected, that write and communicate the best material about these themes, are the only examples that come to mind. Thich Nhat Hanh works as a good example. I’m no Thich Nhat Hanh, to be clear; I’m not placing myself on his level, even though that’s clearly implied here.
In ordinary life people seem to work with different degrees of self-awareness. But it’s not as if you can see it in their countenance, or derive it from ordinary discussion. My grandmother had made an unusual degree of peace with her own human nature, and was very wise. It comes across in forms like this. Others recognize it too.
This ran long; it’s been great talking. If it sounds like I’m talking nonsense that actually helps make this initial point, doesn’t it? Even if someone put lots of effort into understanding and revising their own worldview, and felt like they had limited success with that, they would come across as crazy if they tried to talk to others about that.



















